Combined wrench



- G. T. PARSLEY.

COMBINED WRENCH. APPLICATION FILED MAR-'5' 191'9.

KAZQAYL Patented July 11 1922,

dzzwm ATTORNEY KH%TE STATES PATENT GEORGE T. PARSLEY, 0F AfiI-ILAND, OREGON.

COMBINED WRENCH.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that T, GEoRe-n T. PARs nY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ashland, in the county of Jackson and State of Oregon, have invented new and useful Improvement in Combined renches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates't'o a wrench and particularly pertains to a combined pipe and monkey wrench. I

It is the particular object of this invention to provide a wrench having fixed and m0vable jaws, said movable jaws being capable of quick adjustment and having means whereby it may be held rigidly for use as a monkey wrench or may be permitted to swing when used as a pipe wrench.

The present invention contemplates the use of a fixed jaw, formed integral with a threaded shank, and upon which is slidably mounted a jaw frame, this frame being fitted with a quick acting adjusting nut and carrying a pivoted jaw which maybe locked rigidly in relation thereto.

The invention is illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a. view in side elevation disclosing the wrench with parts broken away to more clearly illustrate the frame and adjustin nut.

ig. '2 is a View in transverse section, as seen on the line 2-2, Fig. lp-articularly illustrating the nut formation.

Fig. 3 is a view in transverse section through the wrench on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, showing the jaw lock.

Referring more particularly to the drawings-1O indicates the shank of a wrench. This shank is substantially rectangular in cross section and is formed integral with a fixed jaw 11. As is common the fixed jaw is formed with an abraded face extending at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the shank. Upon the opposite end of the shank is mounted a handle12 which may be secured in position in any preferred manner. Formed along the side ofthe shank corresponding to the side uponwhich the fixed jaw 11 extends is a series of square threads 13 which represent a segment of a circle, as particularly shown in Fig; 2.. These threads are adapted to be engaged by complementary threads upon an adjusting nut 1. 1. The adjustingnut is in reality aring band inter- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 11, 1922. 1919. Serial No. 280,739.

nally threaded and externally knurled. The inside diameter of the nut 14- is greater than the outside dimensions of the shank 10 by a distance exceeding the depth of the screw threads. This makes it possible to move the nut in a manner to cause the threads upon the shank of the wrench and the threads within the nut to become disengaged and to permit the nut to be moved along the shank of the wrench. i

The nut 1% is mounted within the formed transversely of the frame 15. As shown in Fig. 2, the width of the frame member is considerably less than the outside diameter of the nut and this exposes; a bearing surface upon each side by which the nut maybe engaged and rotated. The frame member is substantially U shaped in cross section and thus provides a back rib 16, e1:- tendin'g parallel'to the flat edge of the shank 10, and side plates 17 and 18, disposed parallel to each other and formed integrally with the back rib. The side plates are spaced a distance from each other equal to the width of theshank and thereby are rigidly held and guided there-along.

In the intervening space between the side plates 18 and upon the threaded side of the shank is mounted a movable jaw 19. This jaw agrees in dimensions with the fixed 11, having an abraded face opposed in the face of the fixed jaw. A pivot shank 20 is formed integral with a movable jaw 19, and extends downwardly to be held in pivotal relation to the side plates of the frame by means of a pin 21. The back face of the extension 20 is recessed to accommodate the nut 14, and also to provide clearance for the flat spring 22, which extends along the face of the jaw to the face of the portion 20 and terminates with its opposite ends interposed between the jaw member and the side face of the shank. A. connecting web 23 is formed from one side plate of the frame to the otherjas shown in Fig. 1 and acts as a guide for the shank as well as a point of support for the spring 22.

The back rib 16 of the frame 15 is recessed to accommodate the nut 14 and also to receive a flat doubled spring 24. of this spring rests against the rear, smooth face of the shank 10 and theother lug rests against the inner faceof the nut 14. This portion of the spring is suitably curved to conform to the inner circumference of the opening One lug nut. As the tendency will be for the spring to spread at all times the nut will be drawn with its threads in engagement with the threads upon the shank ofthe wrench.

In order to hold the frame rigidly'when desired and to hold the nut and shank in threadedengagement a pawl member is provided and pivotally mounted on a pin 26. This pawl has a thumb portion extending outwardly through the back rib 16 of the frame and adapted to be engaged by the thumb and thereby rotated. The locking face of the pawl is eccentric to its axis of rotation; this provides that considerable clearance will be afforded between the pawl and the shank when it is desired to make a quick adjustment of the wrench. The clearance will be sufficient to allow the threads of the lock nut and its shank to become disengaged. A coil spring 27 normally acts to hold the pawb in a position shown by solid lines in Fig. 1.

In order that the wrench may be converted for use upon cylindrical surfaces, a

look yoke 28 is mounted upon the pivot pin 29. This pin extends through the jaw member 19 and holds the strap so that it partially encircles the shank 10 and may engage a lock lug 3O formedas a continuation of the frame rib 16. hen in this engaged position the movable jaw 19 is rigidly held in relation to the frame.

In operation it will be assumed that the yoke 28 is in its locking position and that the tool may be used as a monkey wrench. For quick adjustment the pawl 25 is rotated in the direction of the arrow a1-, as shown in Fig. 1. This will provide clearance and will permit the frame to be swung in the direction of the arrow -Z), as shown in Fig. 1. The swinging action will force the nut It away from the threaded face of the shank 10 and will thereby cause the sets of thread upon the nut and the shank to become disengaged. IVhen this has been accomplished the frame and the jaw 10 may be moved bodily along the shank until a desired adjustment has been made. lease in pressure on the back of the frame member will cause the spring 24- to restore the frame to its original position and will act to bring the sets of threads upon the shank and nut into mesh. By a release of pressure upon the pawl 25 the spring 27 will rotate the pawl and cause it to move to its locking position. Fine adjustment of the wrench may then be made by rotating the nut 14. In the event that the tool is to be usedas a pipe wrench the yoke 28 is swung upwardly and out of register with the lug 10.- The jaw 19 will therefore have a limited pivoting action upon the pin 21 and will be restored to its normal position by the flat spring 22.

It will thus be seen that the structure so A redisclosed is composed of a few parts of simple design which may be easily assembled and which will produce a wrench readily convertible for use as a pipe wrench or a monkey wrench, in either instance providing a quick adjustment feature for setting the jaws in relation to each other.

lVhile I have shown the preferred form of my invention, as now kn wn to me, it will be understood that various changes in the combination, construction and arrangement of parts may be made by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention, as claimed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1,. An adjustable wrench comprising a shank having a right angled arm, constituting a fixed jaw, and screw threads on the corresponding side of the shank, a cylindrical nut of larger interior diameter enclosing the shank and having threads engageable with those of the shank, a U-shaped frame, the side arms of which extend across the shank sides, and between which the nut is turnable, a movable jaw fulcru'med between the open sides of the frame and coacting with the fixed jaw, a yoke fulcrumed to said movable jaw, and turnable to lock upon the frame, and maintain the movable jaw in parallelism with the fixed jaw, and a spring between the back of the shank and the interior of the nut, to maintain the screw threads in engagement.

2. In an adjustable wrench, a main jaw carrying shank having screw threads on its front side, a U-shaped frame enclosing the sides of the shank, a movable jaw, the shank of which is fulcrumed to the frame and facing the main jaw, a swinging yoke pivoted to the movable jaw, and engageable with the rear of theframe to maintain said movable shank in parallelism with the main'shank, or movable to allow the movable shank to swing outwardly, a spring fixed between the shank of the movable jaw and the main shank, a ring nut interiorly threaded to engage the threads of the main shank, said ring being of larger internal diameter than the shank, a spring between the back of the main shank and the interior of the nut, and a pawl to retain the threads of'the nut in engagement with the shank threads when the two jaw shanksare parallel.

3. An adjustable wrench having a main jaw carrying shank, a U-shaped frame clasping and slidable upon said shank, a ring nut of larger interior diameter than the shank enclosing the shank and turnable in a channel in the frame, engageable screw threads on the front of the shank, and the interior of the nut, a movable-jaw shank fulcrumed in the frame with its jaw face coacting with that of the main shank, a pivotally con nected yoke to lock and unlock the movable shank and jaw in parallelism with the main jaw, a spring between the interior of the movable shank and the threaded shank, a second spring between the back of the main jaw carrying shank and the interior of the ring nut, to maintain the threads of the nut and shank in engagement, a pawl by which said second spring may be compressed to release the coacting screw threads, and allow the shank to slide longitudinally with the jaws in parallelism.

a. An adjustable wrench having a jaw and a shank with threads on one side, a yoke clasping and slidable on the shank, a movable jaw, the shank of which is pivoted to the yoke, and a link to connect the movable jaw with the yoke, a spring to separate the shanks when released, a ring loosely turnable in the yoke enclosing the main shank and internally threaded to engage with the threads of the shank, a spring acting upon the nut and the shank to retain the threads in engagement and a pawl by which the nut may be moved to engage or to disengage the threads and allow the movable jaw to slide freely on the main shank.

5. A wrench comprising a shank, a jaw formed at one end of the shank, said shank having a series of segmental threads formed along one face of the shank, a frame member slidable upon the shank, a movable jaw carried by the frame member, an adjusting nut detachably carried by the frame, yieldable means for normally holding the adjusting nut in mesh with the threads upon the shank, said frame and nut being of such dimensions as to permit them to be tilted transversely of the shank and the nut to become disengaged from the threads of the shank, and a lock pawl for normally preventing said transverse moving.

6. A wrench comprising a shank, a jaw formed at one end of the shank, said shank having a series of segmental threads formed along one face of the shank, a frame member slidable upon the shank, a movable jaw carried by the frame member, an adjusting nut carried by the frame, yieldable means for normally holding the adjusting nut in mesh with the threads upon the shank, said frame and nut being of such dimensions as to permit them to move transversely of the shank and the nut to become disengaged from the threads of the shank, a lock pawl for normally preventing said transverse movement, means for pivoting the movable jaw to the frame member for oscillating movement, a spring member acting to maintain said jaw parallel to the fixed jaw, and a lock yoke carried by the movable jaw and adapted to cooperate with the frame member to hold said jaw against oscillation when desired.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE T. PARSLEY, WVitnesses:

L. A. ROBERTS, Mrs. C. D. WINELAND. 

